Anti Lock Braking Training System Manufacturer,Supplier and Exporter in India
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Product Code : SCL-EELE-13726
The Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) is a critical
automobile safety feature designed to prevent the wheels of a vehicle from
locking up (ceasing rotation) during braking. By maintaining attractive
contact with the road surface, ABS ensures the driver retains steering
control and avoids uncontrolled skidding.
Operating Principle
ABS is an automated system that rapidly implements techniques
previously used by highly skilled drivers:
- Threshold
Braking: Applying the maximum braking force just short of wheel
lock-up.
- Cadence
Braking: Pumping the brakes to cycle between maximum braking
and wheel rotation.
ABS performs this cycling process much faster and with
greater precision than any human driver, typically modulating brake pressure up
to 15 times per second. This makes the wheels virtually impossible to
lock, even under panic braking.
Core System Components
A typical ABS installation includes three main component types:
- Electronic
Control Unit (ECU): Also known as the Controller Antilock Brake
(CAB), this central unit constantly monitors wheel speed and controls
the hydraulic valves.
- Wheel
Speed Sensors: Typically four sensors, one at each
wheel, that monitor the rotational speed of the wheels.
- Hydraulic
Valves: At least two valves located within the brake
hydraulics that can reduce, maintain, or increase hydraulic
pressure to the individual wheel brakes.
ABS Modulation Process
The ECU executes a continuous, rapid-fire process to prevent
lock-up:
- Detection
of Impending Lock-up: The ECU constantly compares the rotational
speed of all four wheels. If a sensor detects a wheel rotating significantly
slower than the others, it indicates that the wheel is about to lock.
- Pressure
Reduction (Release Phase): The ECU actuates the
hydraulic valves to reduce hydraulic pressure to the brake at the
affected wheel. This reduces the braking force, allowing the wheel to turn
faster and regain traction.
- Pressure
Reapplication (Apply Phase): If the ECU detects the wheel
then turning significantly faster than the others (indicating it
has recovered), hydraulic pressure is increased, and braking force
is reapplied to slow the wheel down.
This continuous cycling causes the driver to feel a pulsation
in the brake pedal. Modern ABS systems apply this individual brake pressure
control to all four wheels simultaneously.
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